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The treatment options for ovarian cancer depend on the stage of the disease as well as other factors and may include surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, or clinical trials. Except in very early-stage tumors, a combination of these therapies is usually used. Treatments will also be determined by whether your cancer is recurrent or if you are pregnant. Your Cancer Care Team Your first step in choosing the best treatment options is to understand your cancer care team....

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and indeterminate colitis is often diagnosed in people between the ages of 15 and 35. These diseases are not curable, which means that they affect people throughout their entire lifetime. For women, there are concerns with how IBD may affect their monthly menstrual cycle both during the childbearing years and after. As women enter menopause, the hormonal changes result in various effects which in turn leads to questions about how this may affect the course of IBD....

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) includes more than 200 conditions that cause inflammation and scarring of lung tissue. The damage done by interstitial lung disease makes it harder for oxygen to enter the bloodstream from the air sacs of the lungs. The prevalence of ILD in the US is 179.7 out of 100,000 In males and 218.9 out of 100,000 In females. Here is what you need to know about interstitial lung disease, including types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment....

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has authorized an antiviral pill manufactured by Merck and Ridgeback Therapeutics to treat COVID-19. Key Takeaways The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized a second antiviral pill to treat COVID-19.The pill, developed by Merck, is called molnupiravir. It is already authorized in the United Kingdom.Molnupiravir was found to be at least 30% more effective than a placebo at preventing hospitalizations and death from COVID.Experts want the public to know that the pill is not a substitute for vaccination, which still offers the greatest protection against COVID....

Despite both being autoimmune diseases, multiple sclerosis (MS) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are unrelated conditions. They rarely coexist, and they differ significantly in symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. In MS, the immune system attacks nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord and their protective myelin covering. This may lead to neurological symptoms like numbness, weakness, and vision problems. In AS, the immune system attacks the spine, including the sacroiliac joints, which connect your lower spine to your pelvis....

Nasal polyps are noncancerous growths that form in the walls of both the sinus and the nasal cavity inside the nose. They develop as part of an inflammatory response clinically referred to as “type 2 inflammation,” which occurs in severe cases of asthma and perennial allergic rhinitis (commonly known as chronic hay fever), among other conditions. While smaller nasal polyps are asymptomatic, if they grow, a condition called chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) arises....

New daily persistent headache (NDPH) causes distinct periods of continuing headache pain and other symptoms. A very rare primary headache disorder, meaning it occurs independently of other health issues, NDPH can resemble other types of headache, such as chronic migraine or tension headache, among others. Onset is sudden, and people with this condition are generally able to pinpoint when they began experiencing it. The exact cause of new daily persistent headaches is unknown, though they often occur along with certain infections, including Epstein Barr virus (EBV) among others....

An ophthalmologist is a healthcare provider who specializes in vision, medical, and surgical care of the eyes. They can perform eye exams, dispense medications, prescribe corrective lenses (eyeglasses or contacts), and perform eye procedures. Ophthalmologists are the only healthcare providers trained to provide comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. Ophthalmologists are often confused with optometrists (who treat certain eye disorders but do not perform surgery) and opticians (who design, fit, and dispense corrective lenses)....

Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is a type of radiation therapy used to prevent the spread (metastasis) of lung cancer from the lungs to the brain. The brain is among the most common site of metastases in people with advanced lung cancer, along with the liver, bones, adrenal glands, and other parts of the lung. Since 2007, PCI had been widely accepted as the standard of care for people with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), an uncommon and aggressive form of lung cancer....

Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a problem in which the flow of urine is partially or completely blocked. This produces a number of symptoms, including diminished urine flow, pelvic pain, and bladder discomfort. Chronic BOO can result in complications such as infections, bladder stones, loss of bladder function, and kidney failure. Though the condition can affect males and females, bladder outlet obstruction occurs most often in older men. The most common issues in men that can cause BOO include prostate problems, tumors of the bladder, and urethral narrowing from scarring or strictures....

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition that causes pain in the muscles, skin, and joints. There are actually many types of fibromyalgia pain, and it’s very likely you’ll experience several of them if you have this condition. Types of fibromyalgia pain include: HyperalgesiaWidespread muscle pain and fatigueTemporomandibular joint pain (TMJ)AllodyniaNeuropathic painHeadachesAbdominal and pelvic pain Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) has been a recognized illness for more than 30 years. Still, many people with this condition have been told their symptoms are only in their heads because attacks can come and go, and the pain can move around the body....

Also known as the lower jawbone, the mandible is the largest and strongest bone of the face. Tasked with holding the lower set of teeth in place, this bone has a symmetrical, horseshoe shape. Not directly connected to other bones of the skull, the mandible is the only moving bone of the skull and is attached to the major muscle groups of mastication (chewing) as well as the ligaments that make up the temporomandibular joint that allows motion....

Tubal ligation surgery is an elective procedure that involves cutting, sealing, clipping, or tying off the fallopian tubes—which connect the ovaries to the uterus—to prevent sperm from reaching an egg. Also known as getting your tubes tied or female sterilization, a tubal ligation is a permanent form of contraception that is effective in almost all cases. Tubal ligation surgery can be done on its own, but it is also sometimes done in the hospital very soon after a woman gives birth—particularly via cesarean section (C-section), as surgeons can use the same incision to reach the fallopian tubes....

Type 2 diabetes is diagnosed based on high blood glucose (sugar) levels, or hyperglycemia. However, the degree to which the body is affected and the factors that led to type 2 diabetes determine how healthcare providers classify the disease. The subtypes of type 2 diabetes differ in their characteristics and also have different risks of diabetes-related complications and outcomes. This article discusses the four main subtypes of diabetes related to type 2 diabetes, including their causes and risks for complications....

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition in which the large intestine and rectum can develop ulcers. This inflammation can also cause changes in stool, such as color and consistency. For some people it can be awkward to talk about changes in their stool and to find out if it is normal or not. However, there is no need to feel embarrassed about looking up poop and wanting to know if yours is normal....

Purported uva ursi benefits include reducing the amount of bacteria in urine and tempering inflammation. The different plant compounds in this berry-producing evergreen shrub may be effective in treating bladder and urinary tract infections (UTIs). In fact, before antibiotics came about, uva ursi was used as a natural remedy to treat for UTIs. Uva ursi is often referred to as bearberry because bears seem to enjoy eating its red berries. The Latin name uva ursi literally translates to “bear’s grapes....

An allergy to vinegar is rare, but possible. It is also possible to experience allergy-like symptoms due to an intolerance. People who experience symptoms after consuming vinegar may have an intolerance to sulfites, histamine, salicylates, or acetic acid. Learn more about the sensitivities and intolerances that may cause allergy-like symptoms with vinegar, diagnosis, treatment, and foods to avoid. Causes of a Vinegar Allergy Allergy-like symptoms after consuming vinegar may be triggered by intolerances or sensitivities....

Ileocolitis is inflammation of the end of the small intestine (ileum) and a portion of the large intestine (colon). It is the most common type of Crohn’s disease, which is part of a group of conditions known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Ileocolitis is a chronic disease, meaning it persists over a long period of time. There currently is no cure for ileocolitis or Crohn’s disease. It most often comes on gradually and worsens over time....

In the United States, gay men get HIV at higher rates than any other group for many overlapping reasons. There are biological factors that dramatically increase a gay man’s vulnerability to infection. Social, cultural, and economic factors—such as stigma, racism, homophobia, and high rates of poverty—that further compound the risk. Adding to these concerns is the fact that many men who have sex with men don’t identify as either gay or bisexual....

The wrist is a complex region of the arm where the two forearm bones (the radius and the ulna) intersect with two rows of eight total carpal bones at the base of the hand. This intricate area is comprised of multiple smaller joints that move in sync with one another to allow your wrist and hand to perform fine-motor movements. Occasionally, pain can develop in one of the many bones, ligaments, tendons, or nerves that make up the wrist joint....