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Breast augmentation, also referred to as augmentation mammoplasty, is surgery to increase the size of your breasts using implants. It may be used to enlarge smaller breasts, correct asymmetrical breasts, or to regain fullness after weight loss or pregnancy. What Is Breast Augmentation? In breast augmentation, implants filled with saline (sterile salt water) or silicone are placed behind the breast tissue or under the chest muscle to enlarge or enhance the shape of the breasts....

The return of breast cancer after a period of remission, referred to as a recurrence, occurs when cancer returns after treatment, despite best efforts to eradicate it. Lingering cancer cells can often remain dormant for years and, for reasons not entirely understood, they may suddenly start to multiply. A recurrence may develop in the same area where cancer first appeared, in the opposite breast, or in another part of the body....

Air fryers are a relatively new appliance designed to be an alternative to conventional deep frying. There are a few ways in which air frying could affect the nutritional content of food and impact your cancer risk. Air fryers use less oil—which avoids the need for reheating oil—and may affect the amount of acrylamide—chemicals that are classified as group 2A carcinogens—that are produced. But despite potential advantages, it’s important to keep in mind that the type of food you eat may, in many ways, be more important than the way in which it’s prepared....

Bronchitis is a common respiratory infection that many people experience at one time or another. It’s characterized by upper respiratory symptoms and a cough. While most often the condition resolves on its own, in some cases it can lead to further complications. Learn about the potential complications associated with both acute and chronic bronchitis. Acute vs. Chronic Bronchitis Before discussing the complications of bronchitis, it’s important to distinguish the two different kinds, as both the symptoms and impact can vary significantly....

The diagnosis of Dravet syndrome is made based on a clinical evaluation that can involve ruling out other similar conditions. This includes physical and neurological examinations, and other diagnostic tests depending on the symptoms. However, there is no definitive diagnostic test that is used to confirm this rare neurological condition. Self-Checks/At-Home Testing Parents are usually the first to notice signs of Dravet syndrome. The signs can begin within the first year of life, but they can start up to age 3....

The importance of getting enough sleep cannot be overstated when it comes to your child’s health, development, and mood. Children who don’t get enough sleep are prone to irritability, difficulty concentrating at school, and reduced immunity. Now research shows regular sleep deprivation can lead to childhood obesity as well. A handful of recent studies have found an association between inadequate sleep and a sluggish metabolism—starting in children as young as 4 years old....

Cataract surgery can change the tear film in the eye, frequently leading to dry eye symptoms. Sometimes these symptoms are temporary. Other times, they become chronic. Dry eye after cataract surgery can vary based on the surgical technique used; for instance, a technique used more often in developing countries called small-incision cataract surgery is more likely to cause dry eye than phacoemulsification, which is used more in the United States....

When people think of abuse, it tends to be something physical that leaves visible marks. Yet, emotional abuse leaves invisible wounds that are just as damaging. While abuse can happen to anyone, no one deserves to be abused for any reason. Learn more about the signs and effects of emotional abuse, leaving an abusive relationship, and how to begin healing. Defining Emotional Abuse Emotional abuse, sometimes called psychological abuse, is a pattern of behaviors where one person subjects another person to nonphysical acts that harm another person’s overall ability to function and their mental well-being....

The geniculate ganglion is a collection of sensory neurons of the facial nerve, which is the seventh cranial nerve (CN VII). The ganglion is located in a bony structure that’s called the facial canal. It receives fibers from several components of the facial nerve, then sends out fibers to multiple muscles, glands, the tongue, and other structures. It’s involved in taste, the secretion of tears and saliva, facial expression, and several other functions....

Breast cancer is frightening enough without the fear that it could travel to other parts of the body. Metastasis is the term for the spread of cancer. About 250,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer and roughly 40,000 will die from the disease each year. When breast cancer is diagnosed in the early stages, many women go on to live cancer-free lives. Yet for others, the disease is metastatic at the time of diagnosis or later recurs....

An obituary is an announcement that a loved one has died. It is meant to notify others about the details of any viewing, memorial, funeral, and burial services, share information about the person’s life, and serve as a long-lasting record for future generations. Here are the steps for how to write an obituary: Gather key details about your loved one.Announce the death and include their full name, age, hometown, and date of death....

Having a first-degree family member (parent, sibling, child) with a thyroid disorder increases the risk of developing a thyroid condition. Research suggests that about 64% of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and 65% of thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), concentrations are genetically determined. While genetics play a role in hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), environmental factors are also involved, so not everyone with a family history of the condition will be affected. Read on to learn how hypothyroidism is inherited, its causes, symptoms, and when to see a healthcare provider....

Most people experience muscle stiffness at some point in their lives, whether after strenuous activity or due to an injury. However, muscle stiffness can also be a sign of an underlying health condition or a side effect of medication, or it may develop from an insect bite or sting. This article discusses symptoms of muscle stiffness, its possible causes, and treatment options. Symptoms of Muscle Stiffness The most apparent symptoms of muscle stiffness are tightness and difficulty moving....

Your entire outer layer of skin is replaced through shedding roughly every two to four weeks, but there are times when skin can peel quicker in certain areas. Our feet carry us everywhere, are stuffed into shoes, and trek over many types of surfaces. It should come as no surprise that our feet are prone to strain and injury, but there are times when shedding and irritation may signal another problem....

What Is Probalan? Probalan (probenecid) is an oral prescription drug used to treat hyperuricemia (high levels of uric acid in the blood) associated with gout, also known as gouty arthritis. It can also be used along with certain antibiotics, such as penicillin, to make them more effective. Probenecid is in a drug class called uricosurics. It treats gout by acting on the kidneys to help the body get rid of uric acid....

RU486 is a medication used to induce a miscarriage in a pregnancy less than 10 weeks along. Better known as the abortion pill or Mifeprex (mifepristone), RU486 is only available with a prescription. Update On June 24, 2022, the Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade—ending the constitutional right to abortion. Each state now has the power to regulate or prohibit the procedure. Following that ruling, some states have enforced bans or severe restrictions on abortion....

Most scalp scabs and sores aren’t a cause for concern. Irritants and mild skin conditions are common causes. They may clear up on their own or with over-the-counter (OTC) treatments. However, in some cases, scalp scabs come from a condition that needs medical attention. Scabs, sores, and bumps on your scalp can be itchy and irritating. They’re sometimes even painful. It’s tempting to scratch and pick at scabs. Don’t—it can make them worse or lead to infection....

People with Alzheimer’s disease are estimated to have anywhere from a two- to six-fold increase in the risk of seizures compared to the general population. Over the course of the disease, anywhere from 10 percent to 26 percent will experience some form of seizure, both apparent and non-apparent, according to research from the Baylor College School of Medicine. While it is still unclear which mechanisms trigger seizures, there are certain characteristics that can place an individual at higher risk....

Spondyloarthropathy is a group of six rheumatic diseases that cause inflammation and pain where ligaments and tendons attach to bones (entheses). They most commonly affect the spine and pelvis, though some forms also involve joints in the arms or legs. Ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis are two examples. Also known as spondyloarthritis, spondyloarthropathy is often hereditary and likely triggered by genetic and environmental factors. In some cases, these diseases can become systemic (body-wide), causing inflammation in the eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and skin....

If you or someone you love is having trouble sleeping or struggling with symptoms of depression, you likely already have an intimate understanding of the link between sleep deprivation and depression. It’s no secret that not getting the sleep you need can bring down your mood, zap your productivity, and make it difficult to get through the day. For the estimated 322 million people around the world living with depression, one of the most common symptoms is insomnia or trouble falling and staying asleep....