Intertrigo is an inflammatory rash that occurs between skin folds as a result of friction, moisture, and lack of airflow. It occurs on areas such as the armpits, the groin, under the breasts, or within fat folds, where skin touches skin. The medical term for intertrigo is intertriginous dermatitis.

Because skin folds are warm and moist, they provide ideal conditions for Candida albicans (yeast), other fungi, or bacteria to take hold. This can cause infection and make symptoms worse.

This article outlines the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of this uncomfortable rash, and how you can avoid making intertrigo worse.

Intertrigo Symptoms

Intertrigo is characterized by a rash that is intensely red, macerated (wet and soft), and glistening, with scaling on the edges. The rash extends just beyond where opposing skin folds overlap. The rash can itch, burn, and sting.

In babies and adults with incontinence, intertrigo can show up as diaper rash. In these cases, urine and feces can aggravate an existing rash and make healing difficult.

Satellite lesions (small areas of the same rash that are close to the main one but are not connected) are characteristic of intertrigo and Candida skin infections, though intertrigo is not directly caused by Candida.

Complications

Intertrigo itself is not a yeast or bacterial infection, but it does create an environment where both could grow. In fact, if your symptoms get worse, it could mean the area has become infected with yeast or bacteria. In that situation, crusting, erosions, and other complications can occur. In severe cases, infected areas may ooze or even have a foul odor.

What Does Intertrigo Smell Like?

A long-standing or recurrent intertrigo rash can develop an unpleasant smell that is often described as musty. The odor may be a sign that the rash has become infected with candida (yeast).

In people with diabetes, infectious intertrigo may lead to cellulitis, a potentially serious infection that can cause red streaks, fever, nausea, and vomiting.

What Causes Intertrigo?

You are at risk of getting intertrigo if you:

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  • Are overweight or obese
  • Have diabetes
  • Have psoriasis
  • Have incontinence and wear absorbent undergarments
  • Have a suppressed immune system due to chemotherapy or HIV
  • Wear a splint, brace, or prosthetic limb

Hot, humid weather can cause intertrigo, especially in those who have other risk factors. Skin that is exposed to urine or feces is also more vulnerable to infection.

You may be at a greater risk of developing intertrigo if you wear tight, abrasive underclothing or dirty or sweaty clothing. Poor hygiene—or not showering or bathing regularly, especially after exercise—also increases your risk.

Intertrigo may be a side effect of certain medications, so talk to your healthcare provider about making adjustments if you think any drug you’re taking may be a factor. If you have psoriasis, speak to your healthcare provider about how to better manage that condition to prevent intertrigo from developing.

How Intertrigo Is Diagnosed

The majority of cases of intertrigo can be diagnosed based on how your rash looks and your risk factors.

If your healthcare provider suspects yeast or bacteria, they may perform additional tests, such as:

  • KOH test. This painless test can be performed to detect the presence of yeast. Dead skin cells are scraped on to a slide, mixed with a potassium hydroxide solution, and heated before being examined under a microscope.
  • Bacterial cultures. These tests can help diagnose secondary bacterial infections.

Intertrigo Treatment

Uncomplicated, uninfected intertrigo can be treated with barrier ointments, such as petrolatum (such as Vaseline) and zinc oxide (such as Desitin). Applying cotton compresses saturated with a drying solution such as Burow’s solution to the skin folds for 20 to 30 minutes several times a day can also help the rash heal.

For Candida and other fungal infections, topical creams are used. Some come in both over-the-counter and prescription strengths. These include:

  • Ecoza, Spectazole (econazole)Extina, Nizoral A-D (ketoconazole)Lotrimin AF (clotrimazole)Micostatin Topical, NyStop (nystatin)Oxistat (oxiconazole)Zeabsorb AF (miconazole)

Antibiotic ointments, available by prescription, are typically used to treat bacterial infections. These include:

  • Bactroban (mupirocin)Erymax, Romycin (erythromycin)

Your healthcare provider may also prescribe a topical steroid cream, such as hydrocortisone, to reduce itching. In some cases, oral anti-fungal drugs and antibiotics are necessary to cure the infection.

Prevention

Prevention is key. Once intertrigo sets in, it can be difficult to cure unless the root causes (such as obesity) are addressed. To prevent infection, take the following measures:

  • Keep the skin folds as dry as possible.
  • Change out of sweaty clothes promptly after exercising.
  • Use an antiperspirant to keep armpits dry.
  • Wash daily with an antibacterial soap.
  • Apply anti-fungal powder to susceptible areas.
  • Dry off well after bathing or showering.
  • Reduce skin-to-skin contact.
  • Wear loose, soft underclothing instead of tight bras and underwear.
  • Wear a supportive bra if the skin under the breasts is infected.
  • Change diapers frequently and clean the area well.
  • If you have diabetes, make sure your blood sugar is well controlled.
  • Prevent chafing.

Summary

Intertrigo is a common rash that develops under certain conditions, particularly on damp areas of the body where there is friction. Unfortunately, the rash is prone to secondary infections (like yeast and bacteria), so prevention is important.

A Word From Verywell

Intertrigo can be uncomfortable and stubborn, so try to be vigilant about taking preventive measures and doing what you can to eliminate the risk factors that are within your control. Even if you’re certain that the skin condition is the culprit for your discomfort, it’s best to consult a healthcare provider to get a proper diagnosis and an effective treatment plan.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • Is intertrigo caused by poor hygiene?
  • Poor hygiene by itself does not cause intertrigo, but it does increase your risk of developing it—especially if you regularly fail to shower after exercising or keep your skin folds dry.
  • Why do I keep getting intertrigo?
  • Having diabetes mellitus, psoriasis, a suppressed immune system, or being obese all increase the risk of recurring intertrigo. If you don’t have one of these conditions and your intertrigo is recurring, see your healthcare provider.
  • Does baby powder help intertrigo?
  • Applying baby powder to intertrigo-prone areas will help keep them dry and prevent friction. Apply baby powder to skin folds after showering and thoroughly drying off.
  • What does infected intertrigo look like?
  • Infected intertrigo looks red, inflamed, and crusty. The rash may have blisters that ooze clear fluids or pus. There may be an unpleasant odor, itching, burning, and pain.

Poor hygiene by itself does not cause intertrigo, but it does increase your risk of developing it—especially if you regularly fail to shower after exercising or keep your skin folds dry.

Having diabetes mellitus, psoriasis, a suppressed immune system, or being obese all increase the risk of recurring intertrigo. If you don’t have one of these conditions and your intertrigo is recurring, see your healthcare provider.

Applying baby powder to intertrigo-prone areas will help keep them dry and prevent friction. Apply baby powder to skin folds after showering and thoroughly drying off.

Infected intertrigo looks red, inflamed, and crusty. The rash may have blisters that ooze clear fluids or pus. There may be an unpleasant odor, itching, burning, and pain.